Freshly harvested cassava roots
Manihot esculenta

Cassava

A drought-hardy root crop that feeds 800 million people and powers Thailand’s starch industry.

Grown in ThailandStarch & sweetenersDrought tolerant
800M+People rely on cassava as a staple
25+ t/haYield with precision farming
80+Tropical countries grow cassava
44%Of Thai cassava starch goes to sweeteners
Overview

About Cassava

Cassava is a hardy, drought-resistant root crop that grows in more than 80 tropical countries and is a primary food for more than 800 million people. People along the Amazon grew it for centuries before Columbus arrived, and its leaves are edible too.

Plantations International grows cassava in Thailand, where it is the raw material for a large industrial chain: native and modified starch, sweeteners, sorbitol and MSG. It needs little fertiliser but is vulnerable to bacterial and viral disease, so clean planting material and good agronomy matter.

Growing guide

Ideal growing conditions

The site, soil and climate parameters our agronomists work to when developing a cassava plantation.

ClimateHot, tropical

Thrives in lowland heat

RainfallDrought tolerant

Survives dry spells better than most crops

SoilWell drained, fertile

Accessible land for harvest transport

Liming250 kg/ha lime

Applied during land preparation

FertiliserNPK at 8 weeks

15:15:15, 20:10:10 or 12:12:17

Planting stockDisease-free stems

Vulnerable to bacterial and viral disease

Products & markets

What cassava is used for

Native starch

Food, paper and textile industries.

Modified starch

Thailand exported 947,120 t in 2016.

Sweeteners

About 80% of raw material for Thai sweeteners.

Sorbitol

Thailand produces 43,000 t a year.

MSG

18% of Thai cassava starch.

Food

Flour, tapioca pearls and fresh roots.

Market

Thailand’s cassava value chain

Thailand is a world leader in cassava starch and the products made from it. Sweetener production alone takes about 44% of the country’s cassava starch, and the global food sweetener market was valued at USD 33 billion in 2016 with growth projected by IHS Markit.

Thailand is also a leader in MSG, valued at THB 7 billion (about USD 210 million) in 2019, while modified starch exports reached THB 21.2 billion (about USD 635 million) in 2016.

Did you know?Cassava is low in protein and fat, so communities that rely on it as a staple often need other protein sources in their diet.
Sweeteners44% of Thai cassava starch use
MSG18% of Thai cassava starch use
Modified starchAbout 10% of use; USD 635M exports (2016)
Sorbitol43,000 t produced a year
Crop cycle

From nursery to harvest

  1. 110 days before

    Land preparation

    Weed control, ploughing and liming.

  2. 2Apr–Oct

    Planting

    25 cm stem cuttings set 1 × 1 m apart.

  3. 3Days 0–3

    Weed control

    Pre-emergence treatment if no earlier herbicide was used.

  4. 4Week 8

    Fertiliser

    NPK placed away from stems and leaves; gaps replanted.

  5. 5Months 8–12

    Harvest

    Roots lifted and delivered to starch mills.

Field management

How we manage cassava

Varieties

High-yield lines such as TMS 30572 and NR 8082, with more in development.

Stand

Dead cuttings are replaced to keep a 100% planting rate.

Nutrition

A single, well-placed NPK application at 8 weeks.

Precision farming

Data-led management lifts yields to 25 t/ha and beyond.

Our services

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Gallery

Cassava in the field

FAQs

Cassava: common questions

Where does Plantations International grow cassava?

In Thailand, which has one of the world’s largest cassava starch industries.

What is cassava used for?

Food, native and modified starch, sweeteners and sorbitol, and MSG.

What yield can cassava achieve?

25 tonnes per hectare or more with good agronomy and precision farming.

When is cassava planted?

Between April and October, from 25 cm stem cuttings.

Plantation Partnership Opportunities

Develop a cassava plantation with us

Request a free initial consultation with our plantation development and management team.